The History of the Harmon (Eli B.) Talley House

The (now, again) beautiful Harmon Talley House

Back in early 2015 I felt compelled to write a post about the Eli B. Talley House (now more correctly referred to as the Harmon Talley House), and about the intrigue surrounding it, involving the then-owners, the prospective buyer/developer, the Historic Review Board, local civic organizations, and area residents. There was quite a bit of frustration and bad blood at the time, and it really seemed (to me, at least) that it was just a matter of time before the beautiful stone house on Mt. Lebanon Road in Talleyville, Brandywine Hundred, was either torn down or allowed to collapse on its own. I'm happy to say now that I was wrong, and though there were some intermediate proposals for it that I'd describe as "Better than nothing", its current condition is absolutely amazing, and far better than I could have hoped for just a few short years ago.

But before we get into the recent and current states of the house (in the next post), I wanted to go back and take a better look at the history of this handsome home. My original post was focused more on what was going on with the house at the time, but luckily for us, since then, the wonderful people at the University of Delaware's Center for Historic Architecture and Design (CHAD) did some great research on the history of the property. They were contracted by the then-owner to produce a Determination of Eligibility report, as he was planning to ask the county for a Historic Zoning Overlay for the property. The following history is drawn primarily from that report, and I am indebted to them for their informative and thorough work. The entire report can be found here.

Since the CHAD report was more interested in the physical state and architecture of the house, the history they included was accurate, but not detailed in parts. Using their framework, I was able to flesh out the story a bit (ok, more than a bit). While the history of the land around it goes back much further, we'll enter the story in 1803 when Harmon Talley (already in the fifth generation of Talleys in Brandywine Hundred) purchased 105 acres from William Wood, which Wood had acquired from the McBride family.

The Bernhard Family Cemetery

Likely the house occupied by Regina Bernhard 

I freely admit that when I first started writing and researching Mill Creek Hundred history, I pretty 
much ignored anything after about 1900. I've since changed my ways, and good thing, too, because an adventurous reader recently brought to my attention a very interesting, and very 20th Century, story. Its physical manifestation here is fairly unique for us, and the family's story is both very typical and kind of unusual. 

While Casey was walking one of the White Clay Creek State Park trails near the Judge Morris Estate a while back, she came across some burials in the woods. No this isn't the start of a new Stephen King novel -- it was a small, family cemetery. When she looked closer, she expected to see old, worn headstones dating back a couple hundred years, much like those not all that far away at the old White Clay Creek Presbyterian graveyard. However, though the wrought iron fencing, she was surprised to see newer, mostly mid-20th Century headstones. The story of whose they are and why they're there is one we only mostly understand.

The cemetery belongs to the Bernhard family, as does (apparently) the 2 acre lot it sits on, located on the south side of Old Coach Road between Polly Drummond Hill Road and Upper Pike Creek Road. And though I actually have very briefly mentioned the Bernhard family once before in a post, the "Bernhard" family did not exist prior to about 1914. However, Bernard Steigelfest was born in 1866 in Rzeszow, in what's now southeastern Poland, but what was then part of the Austrian Empire. Although the town was largely Polish and about half the population was Jewish, as far as I can tell the Steigelfest family was ethnically German.

George W. Spicer and the Marshallton Silk Mill

November 15, 1911 headline of
the burning of the silk mill

From its inception in the 1830's through the remainder of the 19th Century and well into the 20th Century, the Village of Marshallton was always a mill town. The primary employer, of course, was the iron mill (later the fibre mill, later the Haveg and Ametek plant), but the woolen mill just to the south at Kiamensi was also a large Marshallton-area employer. While those two establishments put Marshallton men (and women...and children) to work for generations, for a short while there was actually a third, smaller mill operating in Marshallton.

From 1906 until 1911, and then possibly for a spell in 1914, the Marshallton Silk Mill was a source of employment for several dozen area residents. Although it was never as large or as long-lasting as the other two, for a time it was a significant employer in the area. And while there's not a whole lot that seems to be known about the operation, one thing I do know is that the story of the Marshallton Silk Mill is inextricably linked to that of its founder and owner -- George Washington Spicer, Jr.

George W. Spicer was born in June 1859, probably in Leipsic, Kent County, and grew up in Little Creek Hundred just north of Dover. His father was a merchant (listed as a Confectioner in 1860, at a feed store in 1870, and a grocer in 1880), so young George was probably never pulled into the farming life that the majority of his peers of that era were. He likely helped out in his father's stores when he was young, soaking up all the talk and gossip that came in with the patrons. And being near Dover, George may have heard a lot of political talk, stoking an interest he'd pursue passionately later in life.

I'm not sure what his connection was or why he ended up here, but by 1880 George Spicer was residing as a boarder in a home in Marshallton, and working at the Kiamensi Woolen Mill. His situation would change the following year, when in July 1881 he married Laura McGonigal, also of Kent County. The couple settled in Marshallton, and in November 1882 Spicer made a purchase that would set the rest of the story in motion. He bought from Vincent G. Flinn 19.67 acres of land on the southwest side of Newport Road and east of Red Clay Creek, much of which is now Washington Heights. 

The Eastburn-Bell Farm

The c.1830 Joseph Eastburn Barn

When the original land grants and patents were given out for Mill Creek Hundred in the late 17th and early 18th Centuries, the tracts were often fairly large -- more likely to be in the 1000 acre range than the 100 or smaller that would be more common by the 19th Century. Over time, through divisions within families and sales outside of them, these large farms were broken up. Only very occasionally were these smaller farms later remerged to form larger ones, and only in a few rare instances were very large estates formed in MCH. Usually they were done by du Pont-related people, and one of those large estates is now largely state-owned parkland.

In the late 1920's the Equitable Trust Company began buying up farms in northwest MCH, around the Corner Ketch/Milford Crossroads area, for an anonymous client. In February 1930, it sold all the properties in bulk to the now not-so-anonymous Samuel Hallock du Pont in an extensive 15 page deed that included 36 separate properties (and one other deed involving a farm partially in DE and partially in PA). S. Hallock du Pont was creating an estate he called Whiteley Farm for use for himself and his family for recreation and hunting. Some of the farms that comprised it dated back to the earliest days of English habitation in the area, while others were newer, smaller ones carved out more recently. One in particular has been mentioned in passing in a couple of prior posts, but now we'll look at it in more detail.

The farm in question is located on Pleasant Hill Road, just south of Corner Ketch Road and west of Paper Mill Road. It may have once been the site of an early 18th Century home, probably later replaced in the 19th Century, but now only a c.1830 stone barn remains of the working farm. When du Pont acquired it in 1930, the farm was about 93½ acres, but it had once been part of a larger tract which was pared down several times.

Camp Wright

The Arts and Crafts/Bunk House, with
Bunk House #2 in the background

To be sure, there are lots of sites (standing and gone) in Mill Creek Hundred that were special to various grown-ups over the years -- the homes where they raised their families, the mills or barns where they spent their days, the churches they worshiped in. But there are three MCH sites in particular that come to mind as holding a special place in the hearts of thousands of children -- Brandywine Springs Amusement Park, Camp Mattahoon, and the subject of this story, Camp Wright. We've covered the first two in previous posts, so now we'll give Camp Wright its due.

What became known as Camp Wright sits on a seven acre tract along the west side of Mill Creek Road, across from the end of Graves Road (and just south of Mendenhall Mill Road). For nearly 80 years it served as a pastoral oasis for thousands of Wilmington's underprivileged children, if only for a week or two at a time. Speaking of the site, one article in 1929 said, "Perhaps there is no spot in Delaware where there is more happiness confined in a small space than at the Children's Camp near Hockessin." And though Camp Wright is a part of the 20th Century history of Mill Creek Hundred, its origins go through Brandywine Hundred and ultimately back to post Civil War Wilmington.

In the aftermath of the war, benevolent and special aid societies popped up all over the country, so many that by the 1880's there began to be some consolidation of these charitable organizations. Locally in 1884, several of these groups merged to form the Associated Charities of Wilmington, with the goal of better coordinating services for the city's underprivileged. One of the programs, which began in 1889, was the idea of sending poor city kids (and their mothers) to spend time "out in the country". This soon morphed into the idea of summer camps for children, which: 1) gave them rural experiences, 2) got them out of the unhealthy city for a time, 3) allowed them access to better food and exercise, 4) and not least of all, gave their parents a break, too.

The Samuel Hanby Brown House

The Samuel H. Brown House in Talleyville

In this post we're going to travel out of Mill Creek Hundred to visit Brandywine Hundred, and more specifically, Talleyville. This story functions both as a follow-up to the posts a while back about the Taylors (here and here) and as my own little memorial. The owner of the house we'll eventually be looking at -- Samuel Hanby Brown -- was married to a member of the Taylor family. One of their grandsons happens to have been my father-in-law, who we recently lost. This story's for you, Dave.

The house in question no longer stands, but I'm sure that many of you have passed right through where it once was. And though the story will end in Talleyville (the area around Concord Pike (Rt. 202) and Silverside Road), we'll begin a few decades earlier, in Christiana Hundred. That was where, in the 1840's, the eponymous Samuel Hanby Brown's great grandfather Joseph Brown owned and worked his 85 acre farm. It was situated just north of Mt. Cuba, right where the Fieldstone Golf Course is today. Since I was curious, I decided to take a quick, simple look into when the family might have first arrived on this particular farm. The search ended up being neither quick nor simple -- but it was very informative (and I ended up possibly pushing my wife's family tree back to her 7th great grandfather).

Since these things tend to be more clear going forward in time, we'll jump back to 1750 to begin our abbreviated trip though the history of the tract. That's the earliest I've been able to prove that a man named William Kirkpatrick owned a farm in Christiana Hundred. With the help of several wonderfully detailed deeds, we know that in 1788, 150 acres of the recently deceased Kirkpatrick's land was granted to Ann Wallace (presumably his daughter). By 1792, Ann's husband Thomas Wallace had died and she sold the tract to William Johnston, who is stated to be her son (by a previous marriage?). William Johnston died in 1834 without a will, and his real estate then passed to his only child, Ann. Back around 1815 or so, Ann had married Joseph Brown.

The Samuel Stroud House

Part of the original log house
(Photo courtesy Ruth Clancy)

This story might seem like a follow-up to the recent guest post from Charles Stroud Gawthrop documenting the Stroud family. But, in one of those little coincidences I love, I had actually been thinking about and looking into this property before Charles reached out to me. In fact, when he did, it took me a moment to even realize they were connected. And I wouldn't have even known in the first place that this house had survived into "modern" times if it weren't for information passed on to us a while back from Ruth Clancy.

We'll get to the end of the line for the house (and Ruth's recollections of it) shortly, but frustratingly I know a good bit more about its end than I do its beginning. I found details about the creation of the particular farm that the house anchored, and about its ownership for more than a century. What I've been thus far unable to find are specifics about the early ownership of the land and about who might have built the house and when. But let's start with some basic facts, like just what the heck I'm talking about and where.

The 120 acre farm owned by Samuel Stroud and his descendants is now (and has been since 1950) a part of the grounds owned by Delaware Park. More specifically, most of the farm is now a part of the White Clay Creek Country Club golf course. The property is bordered on the south by the railroad tracks (which were new at the time the tract was laid out), on the west by a small stream, and on the north by a combination of White Clay Creek (the western part) and the Byrnes Mill race (towards the east). The farmhouse stood just above the railroad tracks in the middle of the larger, western portion -- right where the clubhouse and At the Rail Restaurant is located.

The Buckingham-Pierson House

The Buckingham-Pierson House today

When a house stays around for long enough, it usually will pass through a number of different owners. Normally it ends up being a combination of passing to various generations of the same family and being sold off to different families. One house in Hockessin, however, had the good fortune to remain in one family for over 260 years, although it took me a little while to realize that. The beginnings of the house and farm reach back to the earliest days of European habitation in the area, and its present and future look strong and secure.

The home in question is the Buckingham-Pierson House (or Thomas Pierson House), located on the north side of Southwood Road, about mid way between Valley Road and Limestone Road. The half stone and half frame house sits up on a rise, today overlooking modern housing developments. Once, it overlooked a 100 acre farm and even passing trains. Now a part of modern, beautiful Hockessin, the origins of the farm date back to the Penn family, when the community surrounding the Hockessin Valley was in its infancy.

In 1701, William Penn had a 30,000 acre tract (called the Manor of Stenning) surveyed by Henry Hollingsworth, lying mostly in Chester County but extending down into Mill Creek Hundred (the tract, not Hollingsworth). That same year Penn granted the western 14,500 acres to his son William, Jr. and the eastern 15,500 acres to his daughter Letitia. Letitia Penn married William Aubrey, and in the ensuing years they sold off portions of their holding. More importantly for our purposes, in 1725 they sold a 100 acre lot to a man named William Buckingham. Direct descendants of Buckingham's would retain ownership of the property until half way through the George H.W. Bush administration.